Pan de Muerto

The first days of November mark Mexico’s Day of the Dead (Día de los Muertos), a lively and rich tradition in which departed loved ones are honored and the cycle of life is celebrated.

Although I have never had the opportunity to visit Mexico during this festive time, I wanted to try my hand at making Pan de Muerto (Bread of the Dead), which is traditionally sculpted in a representation of bones. I adapted this one from a recipe in Diana Kennedy’s My Mexican Kitchen: Techniques and Ingredients, as posted on Epicurious. My changes reflect what I discovered worked best for me in making the recipe twice.

The bread is sweet and eggy, similar in texture to a yeasted coffee cake. This one has no anise seed, although other recipes I have seen include it. I didn’t use orange blossom water, only orange zest, and the result was a subtly citrus-scented loaf.

For information and beautiful photos of Día de los Muertos, check out this lovely and educational site by journalist Mary J. Andrade.

Pan de Muerto
(adapted from this recipe)

Yield: One large loaf, about 2 pounds

Time:

• Mix and ferment sponge: 2 – 2.5 hours
• Mix final dough: 15 – 20 minutes
• First fermentation: 2 – 3 hours
• Shape: 10 minutes
• Proof: 1 – 2 hours
• Bake: 40 minutes

Sponge Ingredients:

• 227 g flour
• 74 g water
• 3.8 g (5/8 t.) salt
• 24 g sugar
• 5 g (1 5/8 t.) instant yeast
• one whole egg plus one yolk, lightly beaten

Final Dough Ingredients:

• 100 g unsalted butter, softened
• 227 g flour
• 4 egg yolks, lightly beaten with 1 tablespoon water
• 37 g water at room temperature
• 1/2 teaspoon orange flower water and/or grated rind of 1/2 orange
• 114 g sugar

Glaze Ingredients:

• 2 egg yolks, lightly beaten with 1 teaspoon of water
• about 3 T. clarified unsalted butter
• about 3 T. superfine or regular granulated sugar

Method:

1. Combine the sponge ingredients in the bowl of a stand mixer and mix with the dough hook on low speed until the ingredients are incorporated and a smooth, soft, elastic dough is formed, about 5 minutes. Transfer the sponge to a lightly oiled container. Cover and ferment at room temperature until doubled in bulk, about 2 hours.
2. Cut the sponge into pieces and add it to the mixer bowl with all of the final dough ingredients except the sugar.
3. Mix on low speed until the ingredients are fully incorporated, about 4 minutes. (At this point the dough is rather stiff, but will loosen up considerably with the addition of the sugar.)
4. Turn the mixer to medium speed and continue mixing while very gradually adding the sugar. (About 6 additions, a minute or so apart.)
5. Continue mixing in medium speed until the gluten reaches full development (a very thin, very translucent development can be coaxed from a handful of the dough). This may take about another 10 minutes, but will depend on your mixer.
6. Transfer the dough to a lightly oiled container. Cover and ferment at room temperature until it reaches 1.5 times its original bulk. For me this took 2.5 hours.
7. Press the dough lightly to degas it. Separate off about 1/4 of the dough.
8. Form the large dough piece into a ball and press it into a disc about 8″ in diameter, and place it on a parchment-lined baking sheet.
9. Divide the remaining dough into 7 pieces. Shape one piece into a ball (to represent the skull) and the other six into “bones” with knobbed ends.
10. Arrange the bones around the loaf with the skull in the center.



11. Slip the baking sheet into a large plastic bag and proof the loaf until it springs back very slowly when pressed (with a lightly moistened finger, to avoid sticking). This took about 2 hours for me.
12. Meanwhile, preheat the oven to 375F.
13. Before baking, brush the loaf lightly with the egg yolk.
14. Bake for about 25 minutes at 375F, then reduce the oven temperature to 325 and continue baking for another 10 minutes. Reduce the heat sooner if the loaf is getting too dark. The crust will be a deep, rich brown.
15. Turn off the oven and leave the loaf inside, with the door cracked open, for another 5 minutes.
16. While the loaf is still warm, brush it with melted clarified butter and sprinkle with superfine or regular granulated sugar. Brush off the excess sugar to leave the loaf with a fine coating.
17. Cool completely on a wire rack.